Understanding the Different Types of EV Chargers
Introduction:
In 2023, about one in every five cars sold was an electric vehicle. As electrical vehicles are becoming increasingly popular it is important to understand the different types of chargers available. There are three main types of EV chargers, each offering different levels of power, speed, and convenience.
Level 1 Charger:
These EV chargers operate at 120V. These plug into a typical 120V receptacle. They are very convenient, but the charge time is very slow. These chargers add roughly two to five miles of range per hour. The actual range gained per hour will depend on the specific battery of your vehicle. These chargers are generally utilized in single family residences where significant upgrades to the electrical system may be impractical or costly.
Level 2 Charger:
These EV chargers typically operate at 208-240V. They offer a range of power output from 2.5-18kW. A common value for these chargers at 208V is 6.6kW or 32 amps. Level 2 chargers provide 20-60 miles of range per hour. These chargers can be plug-in or hardwired. These chargers are generally utilized in single-family residences, multi-family housing, and commercial settings. If installed in a single-family home, some upgrades to the electrical system may be required.
Level 3 Charger:
These EV chargers are also known as “DC fast chargers” and most commonly operate at 480V. These chargers can provide a power output of 50kW to 500KW. DC fast chargers can provide 60-100 miles of range in 20 minutes. These are used for a quick charge during longer trips. They are also commonly used for fleet EV charging.
Conclusion:
When deciding on an EV charger, it is important to consider the needs of the user such as lifestyle, location, and where they plan to charge. A level 1 charger provides easy access but a slow charge time. A level 2 charger is the most popular charger among EV users. It offers a good balance of speed and accessibility. A level 3 charger is great for long distance traveling when you need a quick charge. Level 2 and 3 chargers can have a high impact on electrical system/service sizing. At Royal Engineering we have experience with putting EV chargers into our designs, and we can help pick the right type of charger for the owner’s needs.
